What is the process called that involves removing or neutralizing hazardous materials?

The process referred to as removing or neutralizing hazardous materials is known as decontamination. This process is crucial in emergency medical services, particularly when dealing with incidents involving toxic substances or infectious materials. Decontamination aims to eliminate or reduce harmful agents to protect individuals, including patients, first responders, and the public.

It involves various methods, such as washing with soap and water, using chemical agents, or applying specialized techniques tailored to the type of hazardous material encountered. This ensures that any contaminated gear or surfaces are cleaned effectively to minimize health risks.

In contrast, disinfection specifically refers to procedures that eliminate many or all pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects but may not remove all hazardous materials. Evacuation involves relocating individuals away from danger but does not directly address the removal of hazardous substances. Containment pertains to restricting the spread of hazardous materials and may or may not involve their removal or neutralization.

Thus, decontamination directly aligns with the process of addressing and mitigating hazardous materials, making it the correct choice.